Spear fishing is legal in Wisconsin in 2026, but only when you follow the state’s strict permit, species, and method rules. In the past five years the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (DNR) has tightened regulations to protect native trout and walleye populations, making it essential for anglers to know exactly what is allowed before they dive in.
Legal Framework in 2026
The Wisconsin Statutes § 18.97 defines “spear fishing” as the use of a spear, harpoon, or similar device to catch fish. As of 2026, the DNR permits spear fishing on public waters for the purpose of research, invasive species removal, and for licensed anglers targeting specific game fish during designated seasons. A valid fishing license and a spear‑fishing endorsement are required for any capture.
Permit Requirements
To spear fish you must first obtain a standard Wisconsin fishing license. In addition, the DNR issues a separate spear‑fishing endorsement that costs $7 annually. This endorsement is tied to your license number and must be displayed on your equipment. Out‑of‑state residents must hold a nonresident license and the endorsement before entering any Wisconsin water.
Species Restrictions
Only certain species may be taken with a spear. In 2026 the list includes largemouth bass, smallmouth bass, northern pike, and invasive species such as round goby. Trout, muskellunge, and lake sturgeon are expressly prohibited. The DNR updates the species list each year based on population surveys; the most recent update was published in the 2026 Wisconsin Fishing Regulations Guide.
Seasonal and Method Limitations
Spear fishing is allowed only during the open seasons for each permitted species. For example, largemouth bass can be speared from May 1 through September 30, while round goby may be removed year‑round. The use of electronic lures, nets, or lines in conjunction with a spear is illegal; only a hand‑held or pole‑mounted spear may be used. Night spear fishing is prohibited on all public waters.
Enforcement and Penalties
The DNR’s Wardens enforce spear‑fishing rules aggressively. Violations such as spearing a protected species or fishing without the endorsement can result in fines up to $500, suspension of fishing privileges for up to two years, and possible confiscation of equipment. Repeat offenders may face additional court action.
FAQ
What license do I need to spear fish in Wisconsin?
You need a valid Wisconsin fishing license and the separate spear‑fishing endorsement. Both must be current for the calendar year you plan to fish.
Can I spear fish on private property?
Yes, but you must have the landowner’s permission and still carry a valid license and endorsement. Private ponds are not exempt from state species rules.
Are there any size limits for the fish I catch?
Size limits apply only to species that are otherwise legal to spear. For bass, the minimum length is 12 inches; for pike it is 18 inches. The DNR publishes exact measurements in the annual regulations.
Is it legal to remove invasive fish with a spear?
Yes, invasive species such as round goby may be speared year‑round without regard to the usual seasonal restrictions, provided you have the endorsement.
What should I do if I am stopped by a game warden?
Present your fishing license, spear‑fishing endorsement, and any required permits. Be respectful and answer questions truthfully. Failure to provide documentation can lead to immediate citation.